由救助走向补偿──论刑事被害人救济路径的选择

From Relieve to Compensation

刑事被害人国家救济主要包括救助、补偿两种可供选择的模式。如果以国家利益为主要考量因素,国家应当在刑事侵权损害已经或者必将危及稳定与安全的情况下,从关怀刑事受害人的角度给予救助;如果以社会利益为主要考量因素,国家应当以满足公众安全感、公平感为标准,承认刑事被害人平等获得国家补偿的权利。

State relief for victims of crime is either help or redemption. If considered mainly from state＇s interest, the choice is help; if considered mainly from social interest, the choice is state redemption. Objectively speaking, economical development level, social security level and social safety level are objective factors which influenced the choice. China does not have the social foundation to apply state redemption system for victims of crime, so it should apply help policy then apply redemption legislation and establish victims relief system step by step.