采煤塌陷区的生态恢复研究进展

Progress in the Study of Ecological Restoration of Coal Mining Subsidence Areas

煤炭开采使部分土地变成了塌陷地,破坏了生态环境,且诱发了严重的社会问题。目前,采煤塌陷地的生态恢复是恢复生态学的研究热点之一,生态恢复技术主要包括土壤基质改良、植被恢复、土壤动物和微生物应用等,生态恢复的理论主要包括生态演替理论、限制因子理论等。论文就采煤塌陷区生态恢复的内涵、目标、原则、基础理论和技术体系进行了评述,并指出今后研究的重点是建立生态恢复评价指标体系,生态恢复的发展方向是现代生态农业。

Coal mining caused some subsided land, destroyed ecological environment and triggered some serious social problems. Ecological restoration of subsidence area of coal mines is one of the hot research topics in the field of Restoration Ecology. Ecological restoration techniques mainly include improvement of soil, revegetation, application of soil animals as well as microorganisms. Theories of ecological restoration mainly involve the theory of ecological succession and the theory of limiting factors. This paper makes a review of ecological restoration of mining subsidence area regarding its connotation, objectives, principles, basic theory and technology systems. It points out that the future focus of ecological restoration of subsidence area in China is to set up a standard evaluation index system of ecological restoration. The direction of ecological restoration is modem ecological agriculture.