词义吸收、词形合并和汉语双宾结构的句法构造

Semantic Absorption,Incorporation and the Derivation of Double Object Construction

本文把双宾结构看作是由两个单宾结构派生构造的，但在语法化过程中其中一个动词的词语意义被“吸收”和词汇形式被“合并”，才形成了表面看到的“双宾”结构。本文认为这种分析可以更严格地限定汉语的基础结构（底层结构）形式，也能更合理地解释双宾结构的构造形式和预测双宾结构的产生途径。为了证明这一点，本文先大致归纳以往各家依据不同理论方法对双宾结构的分析；然后提出“词义吸收”和“词形合并”假设的证明；同时介绍目前关于双宾结构派生构造的两种句法分析结果；最后对采用这种理论进行双宾结构分析的理论意义和教学作用做一点说明。

This study proposes that the double object construction （DOC） is derived from two single object constructions, while one of them undergoes semantic absorption and is logically incorporated into the other during grammaticalization. It argues that this analysis defines the base structure of Chinese more strictly, but also offers a better explanation for morpho- not only the deftration of DOC and predicts its derivative paths. To illustrate this idea, the author first surveys briefly some existing analyses on DOC, and then proves his own hypotheses of semantic absorption and incorporation, while discussing the syntactic results of two current analyses on DOC. Finally, it shows the theoretical implication and pedagogical application of this analysis.