地方财政投入效率的人口因素分析

Study on the Local Financial Investment Efficiency on Population Quality

构建DEA模型分析了我国29个地区对人口素质的财政投入效率,并利用受限Tobit面板回归分析效率的影响因素。省际技术效率差距在2000年之前有所扩大,但此后逐渐缩小。分区域来看,1993年开始,东部技术效率反超中、西部,并逐渐拉开差距。规模效率上,东部在大部分年份都要高于中西部。2000年之后,三大区域的规模效率差异有缩小趋势。经济增长、财政收入、教育水平、人口密度以及人口年龄结构对人口素质的财政投入效率有显著影响。分税制改革提高了西部地区在人口素质上的财政投入效率,但对东、中部没有显著影响。

The paper evaluates the local financial investment efficiency on population quality in China by DEA model and analyzes the factors which may affect the efficiency by tobit regression. The results show that the gap of the TE between provinces expands before 2000, but narrows after it. The eastern region has surpassed the middle and the western region since 1993 and expanded the gap gradually. The SE of the eastern is higher than the middle and the western region at most years. The SE gap of the three regions is diminishing after 2000. The results of the tobit panel regression show that these factors including economical development, financial in- come, education level, population density and age structure play a significant effect on the efficiency. The reform of the tax system improves the financial investment in the western region, but not in eastern and middle region.