美丽蛇根草的化学成分研究

Chemical constituents of Ophiorrhiza rosea

目的研究美丽蛇根草Ophiorrhiza rosea的化学成分。方法美丽蛇根草用90%甲醇浸提,然后采用硅胶、氧化铝和大孔吸附树脂、MCI几种柱色谱进行分离纯化,根据波谱分析(MS1、H-NMR和13C-NMR)鉴定化学结构。结果分离得到11个化合物,结构分别鉴定为Harman(Ⅰ)、2-羟基-3-羟甲基蒽醌(Ⅱ)、1-羟基-2-羟甲基蒽醌-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(Ⅲ)、1-羟基-2-羟甲基蒽醌-3-O-β-D-樱草糖苷(Ⅳ)、乌苏酸(Ⅴ)、3α,19,24-三羟基-12-烯-28-乌苏酸(Ⅵ)、19,23-二羟基-3-氧代-12-烯-28-乌苏酸(Ⅶ)、3α,24-二羟基-12-烯-28-齐墩果酸(Ⅷ)、3,20-环氧-3α,16-二羟基-15-氧代-7-海松烯-19,6-内酯(Ⅸ)、β-豆甾醇-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(Ⅹ)、β-谷甾醇(Ⅺ)。结论对美丽蛇根草的化学成分进行研究发现其含有大量的生物碱Harman、多种三萜和蒽醌。

Objective To study the chemical constituents of Ophiorrhiza rosea. Methods The chemical constituents in O. rosea were extracted with 90% methanol, isolated and purified by column chromatography on silica gel, alumina gel, MCI gel, and macroporous resin adsorption. All the compounds were identified based on spectral analyses （MS, ^ 1H-NMR, and ^13C-NMR）. Results Eleven compounds were isolated from O. rosea. They were characterized as Harman （ Ⅰ ）, 2-hydroxy-3-hydroxymethylanthraquinone （ Ⅱ ）, 1-hydroxy-2-hydroxymethylanthraquinone-3-O-β-D-glucoside （ Ⅲ ）, 1-hydroxy-2-hydroxymethylanthraquinone-3-O-β-D-primeveroside （ Ⅳ ）, ursolic acid （ Ⅴ ）, 3α, 19, 24-trihydroxy-12-ursen-28-oic acid （ Ⅵ ）, 19, 23-dihydroxy-3-oxo-12-ursen-28-oic acid （ Ⅶ ）, 3a, 24-dihydroxy-12-oleanen-28-oic acid （ Ⅷ ）, 3, 20-epoxy 3α, 16-dihydroxy-15-oxo-7-pimaren-19, 6-olide （ Ⅸ ）, β-stigmasterol-3-O-β-D-glucoside （ Ⅹ ）, and β-sitosterol （Ⅺ）. Conclusion This is the first report on the chemical constituents of O. rosea to find that it contains plentiful alkaloid Harman, multiform of triterpenes and anthraquinones.