对虾暴发病的实验室生态学研究

STUDY ON THE MIMIC ECOLOGY OF PENAEID SHRIMP IN LABORATORY DURING ITS VIRAL DISEASE PERIOD

于 1994 ,1995年在实验室条件下探讨了溶藻弧菌 ( Virbrio alginolgicus)、副溶血弧菌 ( V.parahaemolyticus)、和非 0 1-霍乱弧菌 ( V.cholerae non- 1)的单一菌株与对虾病毒感染的关系 ;在此基础上 ,进一步探讨了 2 3.5～ 2 5℃和 2 9.5～ 31℃温度条件下用病虾匀浆感染时 ,实验水体中细菌数量、弧菌数量的消长情况及其与对虾感染病毒的关系。结果表明 ,3种弧菌单独感染均可使对虾致病 ,但在与对虾病毒匀浆共同感染时 ,感染结果有较大差异 ,其中溶藻弧菌与对虾病虾匀浆的共同感染结果比单独感染的致病率高 4倍 ;在实验设定的低温和高温条件下进行对虾病虾匀浆感染 ,实验第 8天 ,低温组感染死亡率为 80 ,高温组感染死亡率为零 ;低温组的弧菌数量为高温组的近 6倍 ,而细菌数量高温组为低温组的近 6倍。

We studied the relationships between monostrain of Virbrio alginolyicus,V.parahaemolyticus and V.cholerae non 1 and shrimp virus infection in laboratory with the diseased shrimp suspension in 1994 1995. On this basis,we further studied the relationship between the increase or decrease of bacterial quantity and vibrio amount and shrimp infected virus in the experimental water when the diseased shrimp suspension was infected at the temperature of 23.5 25 ℃.The result indicated that the independent infection of three vibrios could be able to cause disease to shrimp but there was a great difference in infection result when the infection caused jointly by vibrios and shrimp virus suspension,of which the disease rate resulted from joint infection of V.alginolyicus and shrimp virus suspension increased by 400 % compared with the independent infection. The infection experiment of diseased shrimp suspension on shrimp was made under two temperature conditions in laboratory.On the eighth day of experiment the mortality rate in low temperature group was 80 % and the mortality rate in high temperature group was zero.The vibrio amount in low temperature group was about 6 times that of high temperature group but the bacterial amount in high temperture group was about 6 times that of low temperture group.