半依附：1949-1956年中国政治发展的重要特征

Semi-dependency:Important Feature of Political Development in China(1949-1956)

1949—1956年中国的政治发展理念、外交政策和实践、政治制度和政治发展过程等方面具有明显的半依附特征。新中国"主动的半依附"所期望的国家利益与"被动的半依附"所付出的代价并存。相应地,半依附政治发展的后果也是悲喜各半:尽管这一政治发展模式有利于新中国政权的巩固,但也使其政治发展受到苏联的影响和制约,成为自主政治发展的障碍,甚至某些适合中国国情的制度创新也逐渐被苏联模式侵蚀。半依附政治发展的重要教训在于弱国必须谨慎处理与实力悬殊的强国之间的结盟关系问题,并尽早做好同盟破裂的应对措施。

Dependency theory is an important part of political development theory.This paper attempts to analyze China＇s political development from 1949 to 1956 with dependency theory.The ideas of political development in Chinese leaders,foreign policy and diplomatic practice,the political system and the process of political development etc.demonstrate that semi-dependency is an important feature of political development in China during 1949-1956.Semi-dependency in political development benefits to consolidate new political power and complete restoration of the economy swiftly.The main drawbacks of semi-dependency in political development are that the various aspects in domestic and foreign policies are subject to the Soviet Union,not really independent.Therefore,how to deal with the relations between alliance countries with disparate strength deserves serious consideration.