心理学中的生物决定论探析

On Biological Determinism in Psychology

心理学中的生物决定论是把生物因素作为心理学因果解释主要甚至是唯一来源的一种理论。它在心理学发展中经历了优生学与智力测验、社会生物学与进化心理学三个阶段。因为其符合某些政治需要、得到部分科学家支持、学校与媒体广为传播以及理论本身具有一定合理性,取得了一定的成功,但也引发了种族主义、教育歧视、责任感淡薄等一系列社会后果。这需要我们以正确的态度对待心理学中的生物决定论。

Biological determinism in psychology is a theory that takes biological factors as the main or even the sole source of psychological law of causation. It has experienced three stages in psychology: eugenics and intelligence test, sociobiology and evolutionary psychology. Because it is in accordance with some political needs, it is supported by some scientists and widely spreaded by schools and the media. And because it is reasonable to some extent, it has gained many achievements. However, it also results to a series of social problems, such as racism, educational discrimination and the lack of irresponsibility, thus a positive attitude is expected for us to treat the biological determinism in psychology.