华南地壳演化过程及其构造格架

EVOLUTIONARY PROCESS AND STRUCTURAL FRAMEWORK OF THE CRUST OF SOUTH CHINA

华南大陆基底由两大块体联合组成：即古扬子块和武夷块。古扬子块基底岩石主要为太古宙灰色片麻岩，古、中元古代科马提绿岩，新元古代蛇绿岩绿岩组成。而武夷块由角闪岩、变粒岩、浅粒岩等组成。地壳生长由西北向东南，由老到新具有由原始未分异地幔向超镁铁质→偏硅铝质→碱质前进演化。在华南大陆形成过程中，主要构造事件为两次碰撞、三次裂解的主体构造格局。大陆生长和构造动力机制均受地幔柱迁移所控制。燕山期以后，华南形成的构造格局为：扬子—特提斯构造域及太平洋构造域。

The continental basement in South China consists of two blocks, that is, the ancient Yangtze plate and Wuyi plate. The fundamental rock of the ancient Yangtze plate consists mainly of the Archeozoic gray gneiss, the Lower and Middle Proterozoic komatiite and greenstone, and the Upper Proterozoic ophiolite and greenstone. The Wuyi plate consists of amphibolite, granulitite and leucogranulitite. The crust of South China has grown from northwest to southeast and evolved from the primary undifferentiated mantle to utramafic → metasal → alkalic rock. During the formation of the South China continent, the main tectonic events had two collisions and three crackings which formed the main body of structural framework. The growth of the continenl and the dynamic mechanism of the structure have been controlled by the migration of the mantle column. After the Yanshan movement, the tectonic framework formed in South China is the Yangtze Tethys structural domain and the Pacific structural domain.