有机酸对高岭石形成影响的模拟试验研究

SIMULATION EXPERIMENTS FOR THE INFLUENCE OF ORGANIC ACID ON THE FORMATION OF KAOLINITE

利用富里酸、胡敏酸和盐酸与天然矿物——长石、蒙脱石和云母在常温常压下进行反应，探讨矿物溶解及高岭石形成机理。实验表明富里酸对这些矿物具有较大的溶解能力，其原因是由于形成了具有较大溶解度和活动性的有机硅和有机铝复合体。在中性—碱性条件下有利于有机硅复合体的形成，酸性条件下有利于有机铝复合体的形成。在富里酸作用下，蒙脱石和云母分别在４个月和８个月有少量转化成高岭石，说明层状硅酸盐矿物比架状硅酸盐矿物更易于向高岭石转化。有机硅和六次配位的有机铝复合体在高岭石形成过程中具有重要作用。

Using the reactions of fulvic acid(FA),humic acid(HA) and HCl with the natural mineralsfeldspar,montmorillonite and mica under normal pressure and temperature,the dissolution and formation mechanism of kaolinite are explored.The experiments indicate that FA is in general more effective in dissolving aluminosilicate minerals than HA and HCl.The reason is the formation of FASi and FAAl complexes which are more soluble and movable.FAAl complex is preferred under acid condition whereas FASi complex under neutral and alkaline conditions.In FA system a little kaolinite were transformed from montmorillonite after 4 months,and from mica after 8 months.These results show that the kaolinite is easilier transformed from the layered minerals than from the framework silicate.The formations of sixcoordination organoAl complexes and organoSi complexes have the important influences on the formation of kaolinite.