草地生态系统土壤呼吸及其影响因素研究进展

Review of soil respiration and the impact factors on grassland ecosystem

土壤呼吸在全球碳收支中占有重要的地位,笔者对草地生态系统土壤呼吸在陆地生态系统碳平衡中的作用、土壤呼吸的分类及其影响因素等方面进行了综述。结果表明,草地生态系统土壤呼吸在不同时间空间各组分所占比例不同,生物、非生物及人为活动等因素对草地土壤呼吸影响各异,主要从土壤温度、气候变暖、土壤湿度、降水、干旱化、土壤C/N等非生物因素,叶面积指数、植物光合作用、植被凋落物等生物因素以及人类干扰活动等方面具体阐述这些因素变化对土壤呼吸产生的影响,并对草地土壤呼吸的Q10值及各影响因素间的交互作用进行归纳总结。提出草地生态系统土壤呼吸研究存在的问题和今后重点发展方向,并对未来草地生态系统土壤呼吸的研究工作做了进一步的展望。

Soil respiration plays an important part in the balance of the global carbon budget. This paper reviews the function of the global carbon balance, the classification of soil respiration, and the impact factors on grassland ecosystems. The ratios of each proportion of grassland ecosystem soil respiration differed because of different spatial and temporal scales. This respiration also responded differently to biotic, abiotie, and human activity factors. The abiotic impact factors included soil temperature （potentially important with climate warming）, soil water content, precipitation, aridification and carbon/nitrogen elements. The biotic impact factors involved leaf area index, photos and fertilizer use. The factors are discussed. yn Q In th 10 esis, litters, and human activities included land use change, grassland reclamation of soil respiration, key controlling factors and interaction among different impact conclusion, soil respiration of the grassland ecosystem is a complex biochemical process. The complex biochemical process is controlled by certain major factors and regulated by interactions among multi-factors. This summary, highlights existing problems of grassland ecosystem soil respiration and suggests future directions for progress together with some future topics for research.