结核病房医院感染监测分析与控制

The analysis and controlling of hospital infection in tuberculosis unit

目的探讨结核病房医院感染的相关因素。方法对2007年1月-12月住院患者进行前瞻性和回顾性调查，对病房消毒灭菌物品进行效果监测。结果收治结核病903人发生医院感染44例，感染率4．87％，感染部位以呼吸道为主占47．71％，感染病原菌以真菌为主，占53．45％，与上年比较感染率明显下降，消毒灭菌合格率97．66％，较上年明显提高。结论医院感染的发生与肺结核严重的基础病、环境空气污染、消毒灭菌、无菌技术操作不严、不合理使用抗菌药有关，通过采取控制措施，积极治疗基础病、合理使用抗菌药、加强空气消毒、严格无菌操作、做好基础护理、使感染率得到有效控制。

Objective Disseuss the correlation factor of hospital infection in tuberculosis unit. Methods We retrospectively studied patients in tuberculosis unit during January, 2007 to December, 2008, and monitored the effectiveness of sterilization in the unit. Results The infection rate was 4. 87 % （44/903）, most infective location was respiratory tract （ 47.71% ） ; most pathogenic bacteria was true fungus （53.45%） ; The infection rate was descended, which compared to the last year, qualification rate of sterilization raised. Conclusion Hospital infection is concerned with basic pathological changes of pulmonary tuberculosis, contamination of atmosphere, loose manipulation of sterilization, unreasonable using antibiotic drug. Infection rate could be controlled by active treatment basic disease, rational use antibiotic drug, strengthen sterilization, execute aseptic technique and consummate basic nursing.