青海省农民对灌溉水管理的认知与评价调查——以都兰、贵德、大通三县为例

Investigation and Analysis on Farmers'Cognizance and Evaluation to Irrigation Water Management in Qinghai Province:A Case Study of Dulan,Guide and Datong Three couties

以青海省柴达木盆地都兰县、黄河干流贵德县、湟水流域大通回族土族自治县为研究区域,进行了农民对灌溉水管理认知和评价的问卷调查研究.结果表明:三县农民对水价高低的感知和评价与实际水价紧密相关,农民认可按灌溉面积计收水费的收费方式;农民认为灌区管理机构的主要职能是维护好渠道、指导农民科学用水、制定合理的分水计划,灌区管理机构在渠道维护、水费使用透明度、宣传国家水管理政策等方面需要改进;农民还认为村集体在水管理事务民主化与公开化、组织领导作用等方面存在不足.最后提出了青海省灌溉水管理改革的建议.

Three counties, including Dulan County in Qiadam Basin, Guide County within upper Yellow River Basin, Datong County in Huangshui Valley, were chosen as investigative regions. Based on questionnaires to farmers in parts of irrigation districts in the counties, the farmers＇ cognizance and evaluation to irrigation water management were researched. The results have indicated that the farmers＇ cognizance and evaluation to the levels of price are closely related to the actual price of water, and the mode of paying water fee by irrigation acreage is approbated. Maintaining ditch, guiding farmer to use water and constituting water delivery planning are the mostly acknowledged functions of irrigation district institutions. Irrigation district institution has some problems in ditch maintenance, the transparency of water fee use and publicizing water management policies. Village organization has some problems in democratization, publicity and leadership of water affairs. Finally, some reform proposals for irrigation water management were put forward.