抵押权公力实现的程序保障

Procedural Guarantee for the Public Implement of Hypothec

抵押权实现是抵押制度的核心,实践中大多数抵押权都是通过公力实现方式得到保障。对于抵押权公力实现而言,我国现行立法仅规定了抵押权人可以向法院请求拍卖和变卖抵押财产,但是如何申请、具体采用何种程序仍然模糊不清,使实体上的权利很难得到司法程序的保障。其他国家和地区立法关于抵押权的实现有两种模式:直接申请强制执行和通过非讼程序取得执行依据。我国在现阶段采用直接申请强制执行模式具有必要性和可行性,符合程序高效、低廉和正当的要求,同时也具备相应的理论基础和立法保障。

The implement of hypothec is the core of hypothee system. In practice, the majority of hypothec is sateguarded by public implement. Our existing legislation merely regulates that mortgagee can implement the hypothec by applying to the court for auction or realization of hypothecated assets, but it＇ s still indistinct that how to apply and what procedure to follow, which make it difficult to implement substantial rights through certain procedures. According to foreign legislations, there are two modes concerning hypothec implement： applying directly compulsory execution and gain executive basis by non - contentious procedure. At the present stage, it＇ s essential and feasible for China to adopt the mode of directly applying compulsory execution. It fits the requirements of efficient procedures, being economical and just and also has relevant theoretical basis and legislative guarantee.