单兵数字化头盔微风扇散热的理论计算与实验研究

Theoretical Calculation and Experimental Study on the Cooling of a Digital Soldier Helmet System with Micro-fans

现代战争已经步入数字化时代。这些数字化系统在提高军事作战能力的同时,也带来了不便,例如单兵数字头盔系统的散热问题。研究了基于微风扇的头盔冷却散热方法,首先建立了人体头部的传热学模型,并利用Fluent数值模拟软件,对微风扇不同风量,以及不同风流道对头部的降温影响进行了三维数值模拟。通过比较计算结果,得到了较为合适的风量值和风流道布置,两者匹配可以实现最佳散热效果。另外,本文还设计了相应的散热实验对数值模拟结果进行验证。实验中,以采用微型风扇散热的单兵数字头盔、30岁健康男性的头部作为测试对象,引入红外成像技术及热电偶测温方法对实验过程和结果加以观测和记录,结果证实了微风扇冷却头盔的有效性。同时,实验结果与数值模拟结果基本一致,证实了数值模拟方法的可行性。最后,对单兵数字化头盔的散热技术前景进行了展望,归纳总结出有待解决的基础科学和应用技术问题。

For the problem of cooling of the modern digital soldier helmet system, a theoretical model for characterizing the biological heat transfer in the head was established. Then the Fluent software was applied to simulate the three-dimensional cooling process of the helmet with micro-fans under various air flow rates and channels. From numerical simulation results, the appropriate air flow rate and channel were found, and then the best cooling effect was realized following these appropriate parameters. To validate the theoretical predictions, a digital soldier helmet system with microfans was fabricated. Thermal infrared imaging system and thermocouple data acquisition apparatus were adopted to evaluate the cooling performance of this system. The experimental results demonstrate the feasibility of using micro-fans to cool the digital hehnet system. The result of simulation agrees fairly well with the experimental data, so the simulation model is validated. This study provides a theoretical and experimental foundation for developing a high performance cooling system for soldier helmet in a near future.