布垆姆的掌握学习理论在成人英语教学中的应用(英文)

On Bloom's Mastery Learning Theory in Adult ESL Teaching

掌握学习理论是20世纪70年代美国著名教育心理学家和课程论专家本杰明.S.布垆姆提出的一种全新的学校课堂学习理论。该理论认为任何学生只要有足够的时间和及时的指导就能完成任何学习课题。这一理论在中小学教学实践中取得了显著的效果。成人无论是在生理上还是在心理上都与中小学生不同,它们的学习动机也各不相同。本研究旨在论证掌握学习理论是否较传统的教学方法更适应于成人英语教学,如果答案是肯定的将会使更多的成人英语学习者受益。

I. Introduction Mastery Learning was first originated in the 1970 ＇s by B·S·Bloom, a famous psychologist in education and expert in course design in the United States. It is an instructional strategy based on the principle that all students can learn and attain certain reasonable objectives with appropriate instructions and sufficient learning time. This theory comprises some old and new individualized instructional ideas and practices for consistently helping most students learn excellently, quickly, and selfconfidently. These ideas and practices generate a full set of tutorial principles that can systematically and pertinently guide the students out of the difficulties they encounter during their learning, allow them sufficient time to master what they learn, and define a clear criteflon of what constitutes mastery.