基于Lysimeter的人工固沙林地生态需水量计算方法与应用

Calculation Method for Ecological Water Requirement of Artificial Forestland in Sand Area Based on Lysimeter and Its Application

人工固沙林是绿洲生态系统的重要组成部分,是保护绿洲农田、村落和城镇的重要屏障。近年来,随着绿洲区水资源危机的不断加剧和地下水位的大幅度下降,绿洲外围防风固沙林出现大面积的衰退和死亡。因此,研究人工固沙林地生态需水量和水分平衡对于恢复和重建绿洲防风固沙林具有重要的意义。在甘肃省治沙研究所研制的Lysimeter场的工作基础上,应用其研究结果,探讨了人工固沙林地生态需水量的计算方法、步骤及Lysimeter场的研究结果在固沙造林树种的选择和造林密度的确定方面的应用。

Artificial forest for sand control is a main proportion of oasis ecosystem in sand area and it is an imporrant barrier for protecting cropland, villages and cities in oasis. With aggravating of the water resource crisis and continuous falling of the groundwater level in oasis, large patches of artificial forest for controlling sand and combating wind on the fringe of oasis have been withering in resent years. So studies of ecological water requirement and water balance are vital for restoration and rebuilding of these artificial forests. On the base of the Lysimeter built by Gansu Desert Control Research Institute, calculation method and steps for ecological water requirement of artificial forestland for sand control were discussed in this study. We also discussed applications of Lysimeter on the species selection for constructing artificial forest in sand area and forest density confirmation.