七元甲子术研究

A Study on the Seven Sexagenary Cycles Day-Count

通过对西夏、敦煌出土历书中二十八宿纪日连续性的检验,将七元甲子法的行用上推至五代时期,远早于目前学界的估计;同时,文章认为,七元甲子法出现以后,二十八宿纪日逐渐进入历书,成为历注的一部分,并在众多历注内容中地位逐渐提高。通过对七元甲子法起源的分析,作者得出以下结论:"七元甲子法"与九宫配年可能始自唐曹士蒍的《符天历》;《符天历》的历首确始于唐显庆五年雨水,而非目前学界普遍认为的该年正月朔;该历的历元、积日算法等内容的编制皆借鉴了《九执历》,其中的某些内容(如"七元甲子法")很可能首先在敦煌、西夏等边地自制历书时被采纳、行用;中原汉地的官方历书在唐后开始逐渐接受《符天历》中的某些内容,最迟至南宋时"七元甲子法"即在官历中固定下来,中国古代传统的具注历因此而逐渐定型。

Based on the study of the continuity of Twenty-eight Xiu day-count found in Xixia and Dunhuang, the beginning of the Seven Sexagenary Cycles can be dated back to the period of the Five Dynasties. This paper also reckons the origin of the Seven Sexagenary Cycles and draws some conclusions. Firstly, the Seven Sexagenary Cycles perhaps came from Futian li （符天历）. Secondly, the starting point of Futian li is not the first day of the fifth year of Xianqing （显庆） but the the Rains （yushui 雨水） of this year. Thirdly, the setting of the first year and the calculation of the Pileup days （jiri 积日） in Futian li are all derived from Jiuzhi li （九执历）. Lastly, it stands a good chance that the Seven Sexagenary Cycles was firstly used in the calendars and almanacs of Xixia and Dunhuang and was later adopted by the official dated publishing calendars of the Southern Song period.