从出土汉画看当前儒家人生境界研究的缺失

Deficiency in Study of Confucian Frame of Mind Detected from Unearthed Han Stone Carvings

出土汉画是我国文化宝库中的璀璨明珠,在儒术独尊的历史背景下记录了很多表现儒家人生理想的资料。这些资料是我们了解儒家在历史时期的影响以及影响过程的重要途径,它对于厘定儒家人生的最高境界、纠正儒家人生的最高追求是道德、审美境界的西方言说方式和弥补当前学界在该问题研究中存在的缺失,具有十分重要的意义。尽管这些出土文献比较稚拙粗朴,但由于它真实地保留了当时"乐以行仁"和"美善相乐"的特定存在状态和儒家的基本精神,具有很多不同于西方哲学的特异之处,所以,在中国美学的研究视野中,绝不可以轻易舍弃。

The unearthed Han stone carvings are a dazzling pearl in the treasure-house of Chinese culture. These carvings record the Confucian ideal of life in a time when only Confucianism was respected and are, therefore, the most important resources for us to learn about the influence of Confucianism in the Han dynasty and how it exerted its influence throughout time. They can help us identify the supreme realm of Confucianism, rectify the western misunderstanding that the highest goal of Confucianism is to pursue morality and aesthetic appreciation, and make up for the deficiency in the study of this issue in the academia. Although these unearthed carvings are quite simple and unsophisticated, they shouldn＇t be lightly abandoned because they retain authentically the basic elements and specific state of being of Confucianism in the Han dynasty, which are represented by ＂doing good with happiness＂ and ＂harmonizing beauty and kindness＂ and are quite different from western philosophy.