基于AHP的生态脆弱区可持续发展评价研究——以陕西省榆林市为例

Research on the sustainable development of vulnerable ecological region based on AHP——A case study of Yulin City

榆林市地处晋陕蒙能源金三角的中心腹地,这里矿产资源极其丰富,每平方米地块平均蕴藏6 t煤,100m3天然气,140 t盐,被美誉为"中国的科威特",是我国重要的能源战略后备基地。但是它属于我国北方农牧业交错区,是我国水土流失和风沙危害最严重的地区之一。资源的非可再生性,水资源短缺的"瓶颈"制约,区域生态环境的极度脆弱性,加之多年来粗放型的资源开发使得榆林市生态、经济、社会价值损失巨大。因此,以榆林市为典型区,选取了榆林市生态环境,及经济社会方面的相关指标29项,采用层次分析法(AHP)评价了近年大型能源开发下生态脆弱区榆林市资源环境子系统、经济子系统、社会子系统的可持续发展状况。评价结果表明:资源环境是影响榆林市可持续发展的主要因子,社会进步因子和经济发展因子次之。近年来,研究区可持续发展水平总体比较低下,表明榆林市大规模能源开发利用在创造巨量财富的同时,当地资源环境子系统也因此遭到了极大的破坏。

Yulin city is located in the hinterland of the energy golden triangle, where is the contiguous areas on Shanxi, Shaanxi province and the Inner Mongolian autonomous region, and is an important strategic reserve base of energy. However, Yulin is situated at the ecotone between agriculture and animal husbandry in north china, its soil and water loss and land desertification are very serious. The resources non - reproducibility, water resource scarcity, the extreme vulnerability of area ecological environment, and the extensive exploration caused the great loss of regional ecology, economic and society. Therefore, this research took Yulin city as the typical area, selected 29 indexes of ecological environment, and economic society, applied Analytic Hierarchy Process （AHP） to appraise the sustainable development condition of resources environment subsystem, the economical subsystem and the social subsystem under the recent years large - scale energy development in Yulin city. The appraisal result indicated that the resource environment was the main factor affecting the sustainable development of Yulin city, the second was the social progress factor and the third was economical development factor. The development level of sustainable development was low in recent year, the large - scale energy exploitation created great quantity of wealth, meanwhile, local resources environment subsystem was destroyed immensely.