天山南麓产业群落特征及演化趋势研究--以巴音郭楞蒙古自治州为例

Biocoenotic characteristics and succession trend of industry community in southern Tianshan piedmont——Taking Bayinggoleng Mongolia Autonomons State as an example

文章以巴音郭楞蒙古自治州为例,根据产业群落的生态学特征,引入景观生态学中的多样性指数,从丰富度、均匀度和优势度等三个方面对天山南麓产业群落的内部结构进行分析,在此基础上引入灰色关联模型,探讨了产业的规模、效益及经济增长与多样性指数之间的内在联系,结果显示:产业群落丰富度先增后减,均匀度呈现下降趋势,优势度呈现快速上升趋势,并表现出阶段性特征,Shannon多样性指数计算的产业群落演化规律与Margalef等人对植物群落的研究结论有差异;产业的规模、效益及经济增长与多样性指数之间关联度较强,与时间呈线性递增关系;巴州的产业群落属于发展演替,形成了以石油与天然气开采业为"关键种产业"的资源型产业群落,正处于增长和趋同阶段。在讨论部分对景观生态学的多样性指数在产业群落研究中的不足进行了评价,对巴州今后产业群落的发展提出建议。

Taking Bayinggoleng Mongolia Autonomons State as an example, according to biocoenotic characteristics of industry community, the research used diversity index in landscape ecology to analyze the industry community in in southern Tianshan piedmont from Richness, Eveness and Dominance. Meanwhile, grey correlation model was introuduced to analyze internal relations among industrial scale, benefits, economic growth and diversity index. The conclusion as follows ： （ 1 ） Richness of industry community increased firstly and then decreased, tendency of Evenness decreased, Dominnanee, however, increased rapidly. Succession rules of Shannon diversity index was opposite to the result of strong relations with diversity index, Margalef＇s researches ; （2） Industrial and had significant negative relations scale, benefits , economic growth had with richness and evenness, positive relation to dominace. Moreover, their succession rules were similar. Furthermore, correlation degrees were a linear function of time, and coupling relations were constantly enhanced. （3） From the view of the characteristics of industial community sucession, industial community in Bayinggoleng Mongolia Autonomons State belonged to developing succession, and formed into resource - based industial community in which oil ＆ natural gas exploitation was the key species. The key species matched well with the curve of industrial cluster＇s evolution, and on the stage of growth and convergence. In discussion part, deficiencies of diversity index in landscape ecology that applied to study on industry community were evaluated, and some suggestions were raised to promote the sustainable development of industry community in Bayinggoleng Mongolia Autonomons District.