空间行波管收集极的热特性分析

Thermal performance analysis of space traveling wave tube collector

利用有限元方法对一Ku波段空间行波管收集极的热特性进行了模拟计算,得到了收集极的温度分布图。分析比较了接触热阻和热辐射对热特性的影响,结果表明接触热阻明显地阻碍了热量的散失,使收集极整体温度有一定上升,而热辐射在使收集极各部分温度降低的同时,使温度分布更均匀。运用间接法进行了热-应力耦合分析,得到了收集极的位移场分布等值线图,进而确定该收集极采用的结构在热形变方面满足散热要求;并对在轴向加矩形翅片和在径向加圆形翅片两种散热方案进行了分析,得到了各自的优缺点,为散热方案的选择提供了依据,从而可以更好地提高散热效率。

The thermal performance of a Ku-band space traveling wave tube collector was simulated using the finite element method, attaining the temperature distribution of the collector. The influences of contact resistance and heat radiation on the thermal performance were analyzed and compared. The results show that the contact resistance obviously hinders the heat dissipation so that the temperature of the whole collector raises and the highest temperature increases about 13 ℃ ; the heat radiation reduces the temperature at the same time and the highest temperature falls about 5.2℃, leading to a more uniform temperature distribution. The heat-stress coupled analysis was done using an indirect method, gaining the displacement distribution contour map of the collector. It is shown that the structure of the collector can meet the cooling requirements in the heat deformation aspect. Two cooling means of adding circular fins in the radial direction and rectangular fins in the axial direction were analyzed, and their advantages and disadvantages were obtained, providing a basis for the choice of the cooling solution.