西方教育平等观念的历史演进

The Historical Evolution of Western Educational Equality Concept

现代教育平等观念于15～19世纪形成于西方，它的基本内涵是以人为本，以人权为核心，以法律为保障，以公共义务教育制度为依托。两次世界大战之间，教育权的内涵由法律规定的权利发展为需要政府保障的权利，由消极的人权转为积极的人权；教育机会平等由初等教育延伸为中等教育。二次世界大战后，西方教育平等观念逐渐强调教育过程和结果平等，并提出为不利人群提供补偿以实现结果平等。

Modern concept of educational equality was formed in the western in 15 - 19 century and its basic connotation is human - oriented, human rights centered, law safeguarded and public compulsory educational system depended. During the world war, the connotation of the education right had been developed from the rights set by law to those in need of government protection. The equality of educational opportunity had extended from primary education to secondary education. After the Second World War, the western concept of educational equality emphasizes the equality of process and result, and suggests providing compensation for the disadvantaged groups in order to achieve the equality of result.