煤成烃生成及排驱加水热模拟实验

Simulation of the Hydrocarbon Generation and Expulsion of Coal by Hydrous Pyrolysis

用加水热模拟实验对采于我国胜利油田附近的石炭系太原组亮褐煤（R0＝0．56％）生烃潜力进行研究。煤样富含镜质组（74．5％），壳质组少（8．8％），惰性组占16．7％，其中镜质组以富氢的基质镜质体为主。煤样裂隙发育，形成于滨海沼泽相沉积环境。实验设200℃、230℃、260℃、290℃、320℃和350℃六个温度点，每个温度点加热72小时。实验结果表明该煤具有较高的生烃潜力和排油效率。其液态烃大量生成和排出始于R0＝0．76％（290℃），在R0＝1．18％（320℃）时达高峰。气态产物从R0＝1．18％大量形成，直到R0＝1．53％（350℃）继续增大。实验分析认为煤的生烃能力除了与其有机质类型、有机质丰度等有关外，还与其形成的沉积环境有关，缺氧的还原环境是煤作为烃源岩形成和保存的有利沉积环境。裂隙的发育有助于煤成油的排驱和运移。

Hydrous pyrolysis experiment was carried out using Carboniferous bright brown coal (R0=0. 56% ) near Shengli Oil-field,East China to evaluate the hydrocarbon generation potential of coal. The coal sample is vitrinite-rich (74. 5 % ) and liptinite-poor(8. 8 % ) with inertinite of 16. 7 %. Much of vitrinite in the sample consists of hydrogen-rich desmocollinite. The hydrous pyrolysis was performed at 200℃, 230℃, 260℃, 290℃, 320℃ and 350℃ for 72 hours,respectively. Both total pyrolysates and expelled oil increased with temperature before reaching their maximum yields at 320℃ (R0= 1. 18 % ), and decreased afterwards. The gaseous products increased sharply at 320℃ (R0= 1. 18% ) and tended to increasing evenly at their peak yield point of 350℃ (R0= 1. 53 % ). The results show that the coal has a higher hydrocarbon generation potential and expulsion effeciency. It is proposed that the hydrocarbon potential of coals depends not only on their organic matters but also on their depositional environments. Reducing conditions are favorable depositional environment for oil-prone coal. The fractures and cleats are beneficial to the expulsion of the oil from coal.