能源消耗、二氧化碳排放与中国工业的可持续发展

Energy Consumption,CO_2 Emission and Sustainable Development in Chinese Industry

在金融海啸凸显实体经济重要性和工业反哺农业时代要求的背景下,本文讨论了以高能耗和高排放为特征的中国工业的可持续发展问题。为此本文构造了中国工业38个二位数行业的投入产出面板数据库,利用超越对数分行业生产函数估算了中国工业全要素生产率变化并进行绿色增长核算。本文的结论是,改革开放以来中国工业总体上已经实现了以技术驱动为特征的集约型增长方式转变,能源和资本是技术进步以外主要驱动中国工业增长的源泉,劳动和排放增长贡献较低甚至为负。但是,一些能耗和排放高的行业仍然表现为粗放型增长,必须进一步提高节能减排技术,最终实现中国工业的完全可持续发展。

To analyze China industrial sustainable development constrained by energy and environment, this paper constructs the input and output panel data of China＇s 38 sub-industries, estimates their productivity and carries out the green growth accounting based on translog production function. This paper concludes that, as a whole, China industry has achieved the transformation from extensive to intensive growth, with the productivity to be the first driving force, that is necessary to sustainable development in the long run. In addition to technical progress, energy and capital have also been driving the industrial growth during the sample period, while labor and emission made less even negative contribution to it. Some heavy industries, however, are still characterized by extensive growth and must improve their energy-save and emission-abate technology to favor the sustainable development of overall Chinese industry.