体育疗法对慢性精神分裂症患者的康复作用

Rehabilitation of Patients with Chronic Schizophrenia by Sports Therapy

目的:探讨太极拳、乒乓球、多功能健骑机等运动疗法对慢性精神分裂症患者的康复效果。方法:选择住院治疗的慢性精神分裂症患者200例,随机分为对照组50例与体育组150例,均给予常规药物治疗及半开放式管理。体育组同时按训练项目的不同将患者分为A、B、C项各50例,分别采用太极拳、乒乓球及多功能健骑机进行体育训练,每周3次,每次45min。治疗前后2组采用住院精神病患者康复疗效评定量表(IPROS)、阴性症状量表(SANS)、阳性症状量表(SAPS)、精神病人护理观察量表(NORS)及锥体外系副反应量表(RSESE)评定疗效。结果:经过3个月的治疗和体育运动训练,2组患者均无并发症发生。体育组患者各量表评分均明显低于对照组(P<0.05或0.01),体育组中A、B、C项患者评分比较差异无显著性意义。结论:开展各项体育运动疗法有利于患者间情感沟通、互相理解,对改善患者人际交流、缓解情感平淡有明显效果,是慢性精神分裂症患者的有效康复手段。

Objective： To investigate the rehabilitation effects of sports therapy such as shadowboxing, table tennis and multifunction horse-riding machine, on the inpatients with chronic schizophrenia. Methods： Two hundred inpafients with chronic schizophrenia were randomly divided into 4 groups： 3 treatment groups and one control group （50 cases in each group）, and all patients were subjected to routine medication and semi-open management. The inpatients in 3 treatment groups were treated with shadowboxing, table tennis or multifunction horse-riding machine respectively, three times a week, 45 min one time, and served as groups A, B, and C. The IPROS, SANS, SAPS, NORS and RSESE were used to assess the effectiveness. Results： There were no complications during the sports therapy. There were significant differences in scores from IPROS, SANS, SAPS, NORS and RSESE between treatment groups and control group （P〈0. 05 or 0.01）, but no significant difference was found among groups A, B, and C. Conclusion： The sports therapy is beneficial to understanding, communication and acceptance among patients with chronic schizophrenia. Shadowboxing and table tennis are more suitable for inpatients with chronic schizophrenia owing to significant effects on improving social communication and relieving flat affection.