中国燃料乙醇政策演变

Evolution of Fuel Ethanol Policy in China

迫在眉睫的能源危机促使中国努力寻找替代方案,其中生物燃料乙醇受到最为广泛的关注,并得到迅速发展。然而,中国大多数生物燃料乙醇以玉米为原料,其迅速发展造成原材料玉米价格猛涨,以及饲料价格飚升引发猪肉价格上涨,加上国际粮价上扬的影响,对中国的粮食安全形成威胁。在能源安全与粮食安全的角力中,中央政府选择了以粮食安全为重,连续下发文件对玉米燃料乙醇紧急刹车,要求严格控制玉米燃料乙醇生产,转而开发非粮乙醇。

China is faced with the burning threat of energy shortage, so a lot of alternative was found by the country, bio-fuel and fuel ethanol were paid attention most. However, most fuel ethanol in China was use corn as raw material, with that the price of corn was rising fast, and lead to pork hike because of feed hike. At the same time, the international grain prices were also rising quickly, all of that threat to China＇s food security. In the wrestle of Chinese energy security and food security, China＇s central government chose food security, issue policy documents continuously for the corn fuel ethanol, requiring local governments keep a tight rein on production of it and develop fuel ethanol by non-food.