“仁爱”与“兼爱”：两种不同的和谐文化传统

"Kindness" and "Universal Love":Two Different Kinds of Tradition of Harmonic Culture

儒家的"仁爱"思想与墨家的"兼爱"主张,都是针对春秋战国时期社会失范而提出的救世方略,其宗旨是实现社会和谐。但儒、墨两家的和谐思想内涵和实质是不相同的。儒家以"仁爱"为宗旨的和谐思想是"尚礼和谐",是以"周礼"规范的有序和谐,不具有公平正义的思想价值。墨家以"兼爱"为宗旨的和谐思想是"尚义和谐",是以"义"规范社会秩序的平等和谐,具有公平正义的思想价值。相比而言,墨家的和谐思想更能贴近现代化建设的要求。

Both of the kindness thoughts of Confucianists and the universal love and fighting against offensive thoughts of Mohist School aim at realizing social harmony. But the intension and quiddity of their harmonic thoughts are different from each other. The Confucian thoughts of harmony consist in upholding ritual, arid the harmonic order regulated by the ritual of Zhou Dynasty. The Mohist thoughts of harmony consist in upholding righteousness, and the equal harmony regulated by the righteousness. By contrast, the harmonic thoughts of Mohist School maybe more satisfy the needs of the present modernizing constructions.