春秋时代以德治国观念之生存论基础

The Foundation of the Idea of Governing State with Virtue in Spring and Autumn Period

以德攻伐、以德主盟、以德守国,是春秋时代普遍接受的观念,即以德治国的政治伦理观念,其中"德"都是作为手段而不是作为目的本身被言说的。以德治国的观念及政治模式的盛行既与贵族的族群意识有密切关联,与贵族族群的生存与延续有密切关联,也与分封制下政治权力的分散有密切关联,与统治者与其属民的直接利害关系有密切关联。概而言之,是与贵族们的生存处境密切相关的。

The ideas of attacking, acting oath of alliance and governing states with virtue were accepted generally in Spring and Autumn Period. In these ideas, the concept Virtue were narrated as means, not as aim. The reason why these ideas were so popular was related to the mentality of race, related to survival of the race, related to divided political power under feudal system, also related to direct advantages between feudal lord and its people. Overall, it ＇s related to the environment of existence of aristocrats in Spring and Autumn Period.