应用ICP-MS研究甲哌鎓对转Bt基因抗虫棉棉籽中无机元素含量的影响

Effects of Mepiquat Chloride on Inorganic Elements Contents in Seeds of Transgenic Insect-Resistant Cotton Determined by ICP-MS

应用ICP-MS系统检测了甲哌鎓处理对转Bt基因抗虫棉棉籽中各种无机元素含量的影响,结果表明:ICP-MS可以迅速、有效地检测出棉籽中54种无机元素的含量。其中K,P,Mg,Ca,Na五种人体必需宏量元素,含量范围为138.3～13835.1μg·g-1;14种人体必需微量元素含量范围为14.2ng·g-1～81.7μg·g-1,从高到低依次为Si,B,Mn,Sr,Zn,Ni,Cu,Mo,Fe,Co,Se,V,I,Sn;五种重金属元素含量范围为0.1～455.3ng·g-1,从高到低依次为Pb,Cd,Cr,As,Hg;甲哌鎓处理显著降低了人体必需宏量元素Ca、微量元素Fe,Si,Mn,Co,Ni,Cu,I含量;重金属Pb,Cd和Cr含量分别降低68%,67%和54%,均达显著水平,对其他宏量、微量元素无显著影响。对于棉籽中的其他30种元素,甲哌鎓处理显著提高了La等八种元素、降低了W等七种元素含量。这些结果表明,甲哌鎓处理一定程度上增加了棉籽作为食油用的安全性。

To evaluate the effects of a worldwide used plant growth regulator mepiquat chloride on the nutrition value and safety of seeds of transgenic Bt cotton, inorganic element components and contents in seeds of Bt cotton （Gossypium hirsutum cv. Guoxin 6） under field condition were determined using ICP-MS. In Bt cotton seeds, 54 kinds of inorganic elements were identified by ICP-MS, and 5 kinds of major elements, K, P, Mg, Ca and Na, were in range from 138. 3 to 13 835.1μg·g^-1. The contents of 14 kinds of microelements were determined as in descending order of Si, B, Mn, Sr, Zn, Ni, Cu, Mo, Fe, Co, Se, V, I and Sn, in the range from 14. 2 ng·g^-1 to 81.7μg·g^-1. Five kinds of heavy metals were detected with the contents from 0. 14 to 55.3 ng·g^-1, and their order from high to low is Pb, Cd, Cr, As and Hg. Other 30 kinds of elements were also detected in Bt cotton seeds by ICP-MS, including Rb, Be, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sin, Gd, Ge, Rh, Ag, Sb, W, U and Y. Foliar application of mepiquat chloride significantly reduced the contents of Ca, Fe, Si, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu and I, and remarkably decreased heavy metals Pb, Cd and Cr in the cotton seeds, by 68%, 67% and 54% respectively. While mepiquat chloride did not change the contents of most major and micro elements, it heightened 8 kinds, but lowered 7 kinds of the other 30 trace elements. This research indicated that mepiquat chloride application strengthened the security regarding the cotton seed as the material of cooking oil.