煤炭供应链的系统结构与协调机制

System Structure and Coordination Mechanism of Coal Supply Chain

煤炭供应链具有节点多、路线长、受资源赋存的影响大、国有企业占有较大比例、运行的体制和机制性障碍大、受政府政策影响明显等特点,这使得其系统结构、界面关系和协调机制较一般制造业更为复杂。以前面的研究为基础,给出了煤炭供应链的内涵,分析了煤炭供应链的特征;应用供应链管理理论和系统分析方法,分析了煤炭供应链的系统结构及其垂直界面关系、水平界面关系和跨层次界面关系;探讨了煤炭供应链运行的正常状态、故障状态及其相互转化关系,分析了如何通过微观协调机制和宏观协调机制,实现煤炭供应链系统的安全、高效运行,进而实现其微观获利功能和宏观保障功能。

The coal supply chain has many characteristics such as many nodes, long lines, being greatly influenced by resource distribution, a large proportion of state-owned enterprises, major obstacles of the system and mechanism in operation and being significantly affected by government policies. All these make system structure, interface relationship and coordination mechanism more complex than those of the general manufacturing industries. Based on the previous research, this paper defines the coal supply chain, analyzes its characteristics. Using the supply chain theory and the system analysis method, it also discusses the system structure of coal supply chain and the relationship of vertical interface, level interface and cross-level interface. Finally, this paper explores the normal and defective situation of the coal supply chain, as well as their conversion conditions, and analyzes the micro-and macro-coordination mechanism of coal supply chain to realize its micro-and macro-function.