一起邮轮诺如病毒疫情的病原学检测

Etiology Inspection on a Norovirus Outbreak Occurred on a Cruise Ship

〔目的〕总结诺如病毒实验室诊断经验,进一步完善诺如病毒的检测方法。〔方法〕针对上海口岸发生的又1起邮轮急性胃肠炎爆发疫情,应用酶联免疫吸附实验(ELISA)、逆转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)、电镜观察等技术,对送检的9份粪便标本进行检测。〔结果〕运用2种ELISA试剂盒在9份标本中分别检出4份和5份标本诺如病毒抗原阳性;运用逆转录-聚合酶链方法,发现9份标本中有7份扩增出诺如病毒特异性条带;运用电镜在镜下观察到诺如病毒颗粒。〔结论〕诺如病毒检测方法的建立将为口岸公共卫生突发事件应急体系的建设提供重要的技术支持。

Objective To summarize the laboratory diagnostic experiences of norovirus outbreak, and to further improve the detection methods of norovirus. Method Nine stool samples from an outbreak of acute gastroenteritis （AGE） on a cruise ship were collected, and a series of assays including Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction （RT- PCR）, electron microscopy observation were carried out. Result Among nine stool samples collected from patients suffered from AGE, four and five samples showed positive results from two different ELISA assays, respectively; seven samples showed positive by RT-PCR analysis; and virus particle could be observed under electron microscopy. Conclusion These methods developed at present study could provide important technical support for dealing with the public health emergency at frontier ports.