2Desai M.Ultrasonography guided punctures with and without puncture guide[J].J Endourol,2009,23:1641-1643.
3董宝伟.临床介入性超声学[M].北京:中国科学技术出版社,1990.149.
4Grassi CJ,Swan TL,Cardella JF,et al.Quality improvement guidelines for percutaneous permanent inferior vena cava filter placement for the prevention of pulmonary embolism. Journal of Vascular Surgery . 2001
5Dyer R B,Regan J D,Kavanagh P V,et al.Percutaneous nephrostomy with extensions of the technique: step by step. Radiographics . 2002
6Ng CK,Yip SK,Sim LS,et al.Outcome of percutaneous nephrostomy for the management of pyonephrosis. Asian Journal of Surgery . 2002
7Sim LS,Tan BS,Yip SK,et al.Single centre review of radiologicallyguided percutaneous nephrostomies: a report of 273 procedures. Annals Academy of Medicine Singapore . 2002
