南京市种子市场种子质量分析与控制对策探讨

Analysis and Control of Seed Quality in Seed Market in Nanjing

通过抽样检验,分析了2002-2007年度南京市种子市场农作物种子质量概况。结果表明,大田作物种子净度、发芽率和水分含量等3个质量指标的变异程度均小于蔬菜作物种子各质量指标的变异程度,其合格率明显高于蔬菜作物种子各指标的合格率,因此大田作物种子质量相对较好;不同大田作物种子质量有明显的差异,以小麦和油菜的种子质量较好,籼稻、粳稻、玉米和棉花种子质量略差;不同蔬菜作物种子质量差异较大,其中以萝卜、生菜、四季豆和大白菜种子质量较好。发芽合格率和水分合格率对种子质量影响较大,水分合格率与种子质量合格率呈现极显著的正相关关系,因此,在种子生产及加工过程中严格控制水分含量是提高种子质量的重要对策。

The seed quality in the seed market in Nanjing from 2002 to 2007 is evaluated by sampling. Results show that variations of seed purity, germination percentage and moisture content of field crops are less than those of vegetable crops; their qualified rate and seed quality are significantly higher than those of vegetable crops. Remarkable differences are found in the seed quality among different field crops, and the seed quality of wheat and rape is better than that of Japonica, Indica, maize and cotton. Obvious differences are also found in the seed quality of different vegetable crops, and the seed quality of carrot, lettuce, bean and cabbage is better than that of the others. Qualified rates of seed germination and moisture content have great influence on seed quality, and there is a significant positive correlation between qualified rates of seed quality and seed moisture content. Therefore, strictly controlling seed moisture content in the course of seed production and processing is the most important for improving seed quality.