军队医院护士工作压力源与身心状态的相关性调查

Observation on the relation between work stress of nurses of military hospital and physical and mental states

目的了解部队医院护士工作压力源及临床症状的状况，分析工作压力源与身心状态间的关系。方法采用问卷调查法，对北京市2所部队三级甲等医院内科、外科及干部病房的120名护士进行调查。结果病人护理方面得分（2．42±0．60）分，护理专业工作方面的得分（2．42±0．57）分，为工作压力源中得分最高的两个方面。研究对象SCL-90平均总得分为（1．60±0．50）分，各个因子的平均分以人际关系得分最高（1．95±0．64），恐怖因子得分最低（1．31±0．42）。军队护士SCL-90总均分、躯体化、强迫症状、人际关系敏感、抑郁、焦虑、敌对、偏执、精神病性因子得分及阳性项目数显著高于国内女性常模（P〈0．05）。多元逐步回归分析显示，工作压力源中病人护理方面及管理及人际关系方面和护士身心状态得分呈显著相关（P〈0．01或P〈0．05），职称在恐怖及精神病性症候群中起负性作用。结论军队医院护士Et常工作中压力较大，管理者应认识到该问题的严重性，采取有效措施缓解护士的压力。

Objective To know the work stress of nurses of military hospital and the status of clinical symptom, and to analyze the relation between work stress of nurses of military hospital and physical and mental states. Methods 120 nurses in department of intemal medicine, department of surgery and cadre＇ s ward in 2 third-grade class-A military hospitals in Beijing were surveyed using the method of questionnaire survey. Results As the two aspects having the highest scores in work stress, the nursing scored （ 2.42 ± 0.60 ）, and the nursing professional work scored （ 2.42 ± 0.57 ）. The SCL-90 total mean score of the research subjects was （ 1.60 ± 0. 50 ）. In the mean score of each factor, the interpersonal relationship had the highest score of （1.95 ± 0.64）, and the phobia factor had the lowest score of （1.31 ± 0.42）. The SCL-90 total mean score, somatization factor, obsessive-compulsive symptoms, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, hostility, crankiness, psychosis factor of nurses of military hospital and the number of positive items were obviously higher than those of the normal female model （P 〈 0. 05）. Multivariate successive regression analysis showed that the nursing, management and interpersonal relationship in work stress were obviously related to the physical and mental states of nureses （ P 〈 0. 01 or P 〈 0. 05 ）. The professinal title played a negative role in psychosis syndrome. Conclusions The nurses of military hospital have high pressure in daily work. The managers should take cognizance of the ponderance of this problem, and take some effective measures to reduce the nurses＇ pressure.