栽培方式对“绿旱1号”产量、水分利用效率及生产成本的影响

Effects of Cultivation Pattern on yield and Water Use Efficiency and Production Cost of Rice LvhanNo.1

探索栽培方式对"绿旱1号"产量、水分利用效率及生产成本的影响,为生产上推广节水稻新品种"绿旱1号"提供参考。设手工旱条播(A)、手工旱撒播(B)、露地旱栽插(C)、地膜覆盖旱栽插(D)、秸秆覆盖旱栽插(E)、水田手工栽插(F)6个处理,以水田手工栽插(F)为对照,小区面积为14m2,随机区组排列,3次重复。结果表明,在同期育秧、同期移栽的情况下,地膜覆盖旱栽产量最高,较水栽(CK)增产6.5%,增产达显著水平;直播栽培较育苗移栽生育期缩短15～25天,产量较水栽减产9.2%以上,减产达显著水平;"绿旱1号"进行旱作栽培水分利用率高,节水效果好,其中地膜旱栽的灌溉水生产效率、水分利用率最高,分别是水栽的8.3倍、3.2倍;各处理纯收入由高到低的顺序为手工旱撒播>手工旱条播>露地手工栽插>地膜覆盖>秸秆覆盖>手工水栽。在水分缺乏、劳力紧张的地区,"绿旱一号"生产上宜采用旱撒播栽培方式。

The effects of cultivation pattern on yield and water use efficiency and production cost of rice LvhanNo： 1 was revealed. Six treatments were included in experiment： dry drilling and dry broadcast sowing and dry transplanting and plastic film mulching and straw mulching and water transplanting. The result showed that yield of rice cultivated in plastic film mulching increased by 6.5% and was significantly higher than that in water （CK） under the some conditions of seeding and transplanting time. The growth period of direct sowing shortened 15-25 days and the yield decrease 9.2% compared with control. LvhanNo.1 had higher water use efficiency and needed less irrigated water in drying cultivation pattern. Of all the treatments, production efficiency and water use rate in film mulching drying cultivation were both highest and were 8.3 and 3.2 times of the control, respectively. The highest net income was obtained in drying broadcast sowing followed by less water drilling, unarmed transplanting, plastic film mulching and straw mulching. It is suggested that LvhanNo：l could be produced by broadcast sowing and irrigating little water in regions of lack of water and labor.