控(缓)释性复合肥在旱地春播高粱上的应用效应及对土壤有效氮的影响

Application Effects of Controlled-release(Slow-release) and Compound Fertilizer in Drought Spring Sorghum and Effects on Available Nitrogen in the Different Soil Layers

为了探索寻求旱地高粱最佳施肥途径,追求最大水肥利用率以尽量减少对环境的污染,运用随机区组设计法进行了两种肥料、两种施肥方式的比较研究。结果表明:不同肥料、不同施肥方式的结果差异显著。(1)SRCF与CCF相比,在总养分含量相同的条件下,产量提高27.69%～28.71%,氮素农学利用率提高40.24%～42.05%,表观利用率提高4.18%～5.26%,生理利用率提高34.58%～34.95%;(2)SACF与AACF相比,产量、氮素利用率等均差异不显著。(3)0～60cm土层内碱解氮含量,在苗期表现为CCF高于SRCF,且显著。拔节期后,情况则相反。(4)各时期0～100cm土层中,碱解氮主要存在于0～60cm土层中。

The study was designed two types of fertilizers and two ways of fertilizations for comparative research, using randomized blocks design, in order to finding the best way of fertilization, the maximum water and nitrogen utilization and decreasing the environmental pollution. The result showed that, there were significant variations between the different fertilizers and the different fertilizations, respectively. （1） Compared SRCF （Slow-release and compound fertilizer） with CCF （general compound fertilizer） at the same total nutrient content, the yield and the N agronomic efficiency, the N apparent efficiency, the N physiological efficiency increased by 27.69%-28.71%, 40.24%-42.05%, 4.18%-5.26%, 34.58%-34.95%, respectively; （2） Compared SACF（Spring application compound fertilizer） with AACF （Autumn application compound fertilizer）, there was no significant variation in yield, N efficiency, etc. （3） In 0-60 cm soil layer, the available N content of CCF was higher than that of SRCF in seedling stage, but the jointing stage was in contrast. （4）The available N mainly existed in 0-60 cm soil layer.