温度对黑纹粉蝶越冬蛹滞育后发育的影响

Effect of temperature on post-diapause development in hibernating pupae of the cabbage butterfly,Pieris melete Ménétriés(Lepidoptera:Pieridae)

为了探讨温度对黑纹粉蝶Pierismelete越冬蛹滞育后发育的影响,系统调查了越冬蛹滞育解除后在不同恒温下的发育历期及其在自然条件下春后的羽化情况。结果表明:黑纹粉蝶雄虫和雌虫越冬蛹滞育后发育的阈值温度分别为7.1±1.5℃和7.4±0.4℃,滞育后发育的有效积温分别为133.4±3.3日.度和155.7±5.3日.度。根据连续7年黑纹粉蝶越冬蛹在田间的羽化情况,结合当年春季滞育后发育阈值以上的温度,推算出田间50%个体成虫羽化时雄虫和雌虫获得的有效积温分别为142.2±12.2日.度和149.2±13.8日.度,与滞育后发育的理论有效积温接近。据此,利用该理论上的发育阈值温度和有效积温,参照当年2-4月的气温,可预测田间越冬蛹50%个体成虫羽化的时间。

To understand the effect of temperature on post-diapause development of hibernating pupae of the cabbage butterfly, Pieris melete Ménétriés, the post-diapause development of hibernating pupae at different temperatures and the adult emergence under natural conditions were systematically investigated. The results showed that the threshold temperature and effective accumulated temperature for post-diapause development of over-wintering male and female were 7.1 ± 1.5℃, 133.4±3.3 day-degrees and 7.4 ±0.4℃, 155.7 ± 5.3 day-degrees, respectively. According to the observations of emergence of adults under natural conditions and the natural temperatures above development threshold for 7 successive years, the effective accumulated temperature for the emergence of 50% individuals was estimated as 142.2 ± 12.2 and 149.2 ± 13.8 day-degrees for the male and female, respectively, which were close to the theoretical value. The adult emergence date for 50% over-wintering individuals can be calculated by using the theoretical effective accumulative temperature according to natural temperatures between February and April based on the above data.