论坛与恳谈会:谁更接近协商民主的理想——中国协商民主实践形态的比较分析

Public Forum and Democratic Communion: Which Is More Approachable to the Ideal of "Deliberative Democracy"——The Comparative analyses of the "Deliberative Democracy" Practices of China

协商民主承载了实现人民主权的理想。在当代中国,论坛与恳谈会是协商民主的典型实践形态。通过价值、效度、可持续性与可推广性三维度框架的比较分析发现,两者在实现民主程度的价值层面,难分轩轾;恳谈会比论坛的效度要高;论坛的可持续性已得到历史检验,而恳谈民主则有待观察;论坛比恳谈会的推广度高。中国协商民主的未来走向是:协商民主的实践形态之间将相互融合,而非正式领域的协商民主会向正式领域的协商民主扩散,而这必将进一步推动中国民主政治的转型与巩固。

Deliberative democracy carries the ideal of the people＇ s Sovereignty. In contemporary China, the Public Forum and Democratic Communion are the typical forms of Deliberative Democracy practices. However, it is hard to tell one from the other concerning the value in the realization of democracy according to the comparative analyses under the three - dimensional framework of value, validity, and popularity and sustainability. Comparatively, Democratic Communion is more effective than Public Forum but the latter＇ s sustainability has been proved in historical practices while that of the former remains uncertain. Moreover, Public forum is more popular than Democratic Communion. Considering the future of China＇ s deliberative democracy, different practical forms will be integrated, and the informal practices will spread to the formal field, which will certainly promote China＇ s democratic transition and consolidation.