胃癌组织中促凋亡基因Bax的表达及意义

Expression of proapoptotic gene Bax in gastric carcinoma and its significance

目的：研究促凋亡基因Ｂａｘ在胃癌中的表达及意义。方法：采用免疫组织化学方法对５７例胃癌标本中Ｂａｘ的表达情况进行观察。结果：Ｂａｘ表达的阳性率为５７．８９％，阳性反应物质主要位于细胞浆，胞核中偶有表达。Ｂａｘ在胃癌组织中的表达与病人年龄、性别、肿瘤大小、浸润深度、淋巴结转移及临床病理分期无明显关系，与胃癌形态学分型及分化程度有关，肠型胃癌及高中分化胃癌中Ｂａｘ表达率明显高于弥漫型胃癌及低分化胃癌（Ｐ＜０．０５及Ｐ＜０．０１）。结论：促凋亡基因Ｂａｘ在大部分胃癌中具有不同程度的表达，可能参与了胃癌细胞凋亡的调变；Ｂａｘ表达可能与肠型胃癌的发生及胃癌分化有关。

Objective: To investigate the expression of proapoptotic gene Bax in gastric carcinoma and its significance. Methods: The expression of Bax protein was detected with immunohistochemistry in samples from 57 cases of gastric carcinoma. Results: The positive rate of Bax protein staining was 57.89% and the positively reactive substance was mainly localized in the cytoplasm of cancerous cells. The expression of Bax protein was not correlated to the tumor size, lymph node metastasis, depth of invasion, Duke's stage of the tumor and age and sex of patients (P>0.05) but strongly associated with the morphological type and differentiation degree of the tumor. Meanwhile, it was significantly higher in intestinaltype and well/moderately differentiated gastric carcinoma than in diffuse and poorly differentiated one (P<0.05 and 0.01). Conclusion: The proapoptotic gene Bax can express to various degrees in most kinds of the gastric carcinomata and may take part in the apoptosis of the gastric carcinoma. The expression of Bax might be associated with the occurrence of intestinaltype gastric carcinoma and the differentiation of the gastric carcinoma.