大豆抗烟粉虱(Bemisia tabaci Gennadius)与农艺品质性状的关系

Relationship Between Resistance to Whitefly (Bemisia tabaci Gennadius) and Agronomic and Quality Traits of Soybean

【目的】烟粉虱(Bemisia tabaci Gennadius)是一种严重的灾害性害虫,对大豆的危害十分严重。了解大豆的农艺、品质性状与抗烟粉虱的关系,为大豆抗烟粉虱遗传和育种研究提供参考。【方法】以213个国内外大豆品种作为试验材料,鉴定其单叶、单株感染的烟粉虱2～4龄若虫的数量,同时调查各品种的结荚习性、种皮色、子叶色、株高、底荚高、主茎节数、主茎粗、分枝数、总荚数、总粒数、单株粒重、百粒重、荚长、荚宽、籽粒的蛋白质和脂肪含量等。用SPSS16.0统计分析软件分析烟粉虱数量与各种农艺性状的关系。【结果】大豆单叶感染烟粉虱的平均数能够代表大豆品种对烟粉虱的抗性。大豆感染烟粉虱的数量受结荚习性、株型、产量、籽粒品质等多种因素影响。不同结荚习性大豆品种单叶感染烟粉虱的平均数存在显著差异,有限结荚习性>亚有限结荚习性>无限结荚习性。单叶感染烟粉虱的平均数与茎粗呈极显著的正相关,相关系数为0.282**;与单株粒重、籽粒蛋白质含量呈显著的正相关,相关系数为0.165*、0.166*;与种皮色、子叶色、株高、主茎节数、分枝数、籽粒脂肪含量的相关不显著。【结论】大豆对烟粉虱的抗性受结荚习性、茎粗、单株生产力、籽粒蛋白质含量等综合性状影响。

【Objective】 Whitefly （Bemisia tabaci Gennadius） is one kind of serious agricultural pests in the world and is harmful to soybean. It is important to understand the relationship between whitefly resistance and agronomic traits of soybean for whitefly resistant soybean breeding. 【Method】 The number of whitefly nymphs per leaf and per plant of 213 Chinese and foreign soybean germplasms were identified in experimental farm of Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences in 2004. Meanwhile the agronomic traits including stem termination, seed coat color, cotyledon color, plant height, stem nods number, stem diameter, branch number, pod number, seed number, seed weight per plant, 100-seed-weight, pod length, pod width, seed protein content and fat content of these germplasm were identified. And the relationship between the number of whitefly nymphs and agronomic traits were analyzed with SPSS 16.0. 【Result】 The Mean of Whitefly Per Leaf（MWPL） of soybean varieties with different stem termination were significantly different. The order of MWPL was determinate varieties 〉 semi-determinate 〉 indeterminate. Correlation between MWPL and stem diameter was significant at 0.01 level. Correlation between MWPL and seed weight per plant and seed protein content were significant at 0.05 level. The Pearson Correlations were 0.282＊＊, 0.165＊, and 0.166＊. And the correlation between MWPL and seed coat color, cotyledon color, branch number, seeds fat content, pod length, and pod width were insignificant.【Conclusion】 The resistance to whitefly was affected by agronomic and quality traits of soybean.