菊花观赏性状和农艺性状基因工程改良研究进展

Advances in Research of Ornamental and Agricultural Traits in Chrysanthemum by Gene Engineering

菊花是观赏植物中非常重要也是现代生物技术研究应用较早和较多的种类。1968年以茎段为外植体开发了菊花的组培技术,1989年发现了菊花对农杆菌浸染的敏感性,并因此而研发了农杆菌介导的菊花遗传转化技术。近20年来,菊花育种研究工作者借鉴植物学领域和农作物领域分子育种方面的研究成果,在花色、花型等观赏性状和病虫抗性、非生物逆境耐性等农艺性状基因工程育种方面,取得了一定的进展。本文对此进行综述,以期为菊花基因工程育种提供参考。

Chrysanthemum is one of the important species in ornamental plants to which modern biotechnology was early applied. In chrysanthemum, the technique of tissue culture was developed first in 1968 using stems as explants, and the technique of genetic transformation of chrysanthemum was developed following the discovery of sensitivity of chrysanthemum to Agribaterium in 1989. In recent twenty years, scientists have gained many achievements in genetic engineering breeding of ornamental traits, such as flower colors, inflorescence shapes, and agricultural traits, such as disease and insect resistances and abiotic stress tolerances. In this review, the achievements above were collected and analyzed, and so that to provide available information on genetic engineering breeding of chrysanthemum.