2001～2007年洛阳市15岁以上人群麻疹流行病学分析

Epidemiological analysis of measles in people aged 15 years or over from 2001 to 2007 in Luoyang City

目的探讨洛阳市15岁以上人群麻疹发病的流行特征,为制定防控措施提供依据。方法对2001～2007年洛阳市麻疹监测系统报告的15岁以上人群麻疹病例资料进行描述性统计分析。结果2001～2007年共发生15岁以上人群麻疹病例271例,发病率波动于0.24/10万～1.01/10万,7年平均发病率为0.74/10万。不同年间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。以3～8月份为发病高峰。外来流动人口108例,占病例总数39.85%,其中年龄在15～30岁199例,占病例总数74.43%。病例中有麻疹疫苗免疫史占21.77%;无免疫史占20.66%;免疫史不详占78.23%。结论免疫空白是导致15岁以上人群麻疹流行的因素,及时采取应急强化免疫措施,消除免疫空白人群是控制消除麻疹的重要举措和手段。

Objective To explore the relative risk factors of measles in the people aged 15 years or over in Luoyang City so as to provide the evidence for developing preventive measures. Methods Statistical analysis was conducted on the data of measles reported a total in the people aged 15 years or over from 2000 to 2006. Results A total of 271 cases of measles were found, with the annual average incidences from 0.24/10^5 to 1.01/10^5, and the average incidence in the 7 years was 0.74/10^5. The difference among the years was statistically significant, P〈0.06. A total of 108 cases of floating population made up 39.85 % of the total cases. The rate in urban areas was higher than that in rural areas, and there was a statistically significant difference. The cases of 15-30 years old were 199 accounted for 73.43%. The seasonal peak appeared from March to August, and 21.77% of the cases had measles vaceine immunization history, 20.66% had not, and 67.56 % were uncertain. Conclusions There exists the blank population on immunization, which is the main factor of measles prevalence in the people aged 15 years or over, so the intensifying vaccination should be carried out.