父母养育方式与大学生情绪智力关系的研究

On the Relationship between College Students' Emotional Intelligence and their Parents Rearing Styles

通过对部分广州地区大学生进行父母养育方式及大学生情绪智力的问卷调查,研究结果发现:(1)大学生父母养育子女方式以积极为主,关爱理解较多,严厉惩罚较少,并因子女的性别和是否独生子女而有所差异;(2)大学生的情绪智力普遍较高,其中男生在某些因子上得分显著高于女生,独生子女在自我维度的情绪表达与调控方面显著高于非独生子女;(3)父母养育方式中的积极因子与情绪智力各因子及总分普遍相关显著,消极因子只与情绪智力个别因子的相关显著,父母消极养育方式与情绪智力的关系随着个体的成长而变弱;(4)大学生操作自我的情绪智力受到父母养育方式的直接影响,并在父母养育方式与操作他人的情绪智力间起完全中介作用。

A sampling questionnaire survey on Parents Rearing Styles Scale （EMBU） and College students＇ Emotional Intelligence was conducted among 350 college students in Guangzhou. The results are as follows： （1） Parents rearing styles （PRT） are mainly positive, i. e. , more attention, comprehension but less punishment. Differences exist among the genders and numbers of children in families. Parents more often interfere with sons than with daughters. Fathers are more stern and rejective to sons than daughters. In the one-child families, fathers present less interference while mothers present more interference, warmness and care. （2） Universally, college students＇ emotional intelligence （EI） is high. And male students achieve higher scores in several factors than female students. Students who have no siblings achieve higher scores on self-emotional presentation and self-controlling than those who have siblings. （3） Father and Mother＇s positive rearing styles are closely related to most of students＇ EI factors and total EI. However, only a few of EI factors are correlated with negative rearing styles. Besides, the relationship between PRT and college students＇ EI is weakening as time goes through students＇ growing. （4） PRT directly affects one＇s EI on operating-self which serves a fully mediate effect in the relationship between PRT and EI on operatingothers.