长江口水质现状与水环境特征研究

Studies on the Water Quality Status and the Nature of Water Body of the Yangtze River Estuary

随着长江三角洲地区城市化、工业化进程的加速，大量的污染物排放进入水体，尤其是农业非点源污染产生的污染物。同时，较低水平的污水处理率使得长江口的水质急剧恶化，近海海域赤潮频发且呈扩大趋势。根据长江口地区的排污情况和主要河道，湖泊的水质现状。分析了上游来水、本地污染源、人类活动，咸潮和海平面上升等因素对长江口水质的影响。提出了控制农业非点源污染的措施和对策。

With the accelerated process of urbanization and industrialization in the Yangtze Delta region, a large amount of pollutants are discharging into the water body. Non-point source pollution from agricultural activities coupled with lower rates of sewage treatment has led to a drastic deterioration in the water quality of Yangtze River estuary. According to the pollution Ioadings and the water quality status of major rivers and lakes in the Yangtze Delta region, impacts of upstream inflow, local pollution sources, human activities, saline tide intrusion and sea-level rise upon water quality were analysed. Several countermeasures to control the agricultural non-point source were proposed, and the influence of water quality deterioration on surrounding wetlands in the estuary was discussed as well.