从竹山书院略觑我国书院园林的环境特色及文化内在

The Environment Characteristics and Cultural Connotation of Classical Academy Gardens in China——A Case Study on Zhushan Academy

书院园林是中国传统园林的组成部分,它在借鉴私家园林与寺观园林的基础上,升华出独具特色的园林风格。竹山书院位于歙县雄村,是徽州府六县54所书院中极具代表性的一座。从竹山书院研究中略觑书院园林的概念,并对其选址考究、风格淡雅、空间统一、植物配置等方面的园林环境特色和"礼乐"格局进行简要分析,阐述了其斯文品格背后的"和谐自然""善美同意"和"雅俗共赏"等文化内在。希望能够继承优秀的民族传统为今所用,并为书院园林研究提供参考。

Classical academy gardens are an important component of Chinese traditional gardens. On the basis of private gardens and temple gardens, the design of classical academy gardens develops its own special characteristics. Zhushan Academy is located in Xiong Village, She County. It is a representative academy garden among the 54 academies in the six counties of Huizhou Government. This paper attempts to explore the concept of classical academy gardens based on the case study of Zhushan Academy, in which its environmental characteristics and the political pattern of＂ritual and harmony （Li Yue）＂ will be analyzed, including the discreet choice of its site, the simple but gentle style, the unification of space, the use of plants and so on. The cultural meaning beneath the gentle style of classical academy gardens, such as＂harmonious and natural＂, ＂simple is beautiful＂and ＂suitable for refined and popular tastes＂will also be discussed in the paper. It is hoped that the good ethical tradition of China could be well used today.