道家思想推动下魏晋南北朝园林的历史跨越

The Profound Development of Gardens under the Influence of Taoism in Wei,Jin and Southern and Northern Dynasties

中国古典园林受道家思想的影响源远流长。"独尊儒术"使二者未能互促互动健康发展。魏晋南北朝时期,道家思想有机会成为一种广泛的社会文化动力,使中国古典园林实现了一个历史性的提升。自此,山水林园的情结、园苑构图的准则、园居环境的取向、宗教园林的氛围,都成为中国园林的艺术真谛与价值原理所在。总结道家思想与园林艺术在自然观、美学观、营造法、辩证法等方面哲理、学理上的同构特性,对传承古典园林精髓、振兴中国园林事业不无借鉴意义。

Taoism has been exerting great impact on the Chinese classical garden, but the superiorily of Confucianism fails to strike an interactive balance of mutual development of the two. Taoism became a widespread social cultural power in Wei, Jin and Southern and Northern Dynasties, which realized an unprecedented enhancement of the Chinese classical garden. From then on, the complex on garden, the canon for sketch of garden, the preference on garden environment and the atmosphere of garden for religion have become the true essences and principles of Chinese garden. Taoism shares its philosophical similarities with the Chinese classical gardening in perceptions of nature, aesthetics, construction and dialectics, which would definitely be helpful for the preservation of classical garden and thus revive the Chinese classical garden.