南宋词与理学新论

A New Elucidation on the Ci(poetry) of the South Song Dynasty and the Confucian School of Idealist Philosophy(li xue)

南宋词"复雅"理论在理学"崇正"思潮影响下形成了以东坡词为"正统"的词学正统论和词学宗派论,而词的创作则在发展东坡词法基础上逐步形成以"抟搦义理,劫剥经传"为表征的宗义理词风。在词人群体形成及演变方面,理学人士对苏学的推崇不仅直接促成了南宋苏轼词派的形成,而且在苏、辛词派交替过程中起极重要的中介作用。随着程学地位的不断提高,宗程学或具有程学倾向的词人不仅从思想、理论与创作方面拓展了以崇苏为基点的"复雅"词风,且还以极大热情参与辛派的建构并逐渐形成理学家词人群。考察南宋词风演变及词学理论的文化背景,理学无疑是一个不容忽略的重要因素。如果忽视它的存在,将难以对南宋词理论实质、词派演变及创作倾向作全面深入的把握。

Influenced by the trend of the ＂veneration of legitimacy＂ （chong zheng）, the doctrine of the ＂return to the ode tradition＂（fu ya） of the Ci （poetry） of the South Song Dynasty has engendered the doctrine of legitimacy with Su Shi＇s Ci as its model and the factionist doctrine in the study of the Ci, thus appearing a style of the Ci in veneration of justice and reason （chong yi li） on the basis of that of the Ci by Su Shi. Among the Ci - poets, the veneration of scholars of the Confucian School of Idealist Philosophy for the doctrine of Su Shi has not only precipitated the appearance of the Su Shi school of Ci - writing during the South Song Dynasty, but has played an extremely important role in the transition from the Su Shi School to the Xin Qiji school as well. Along with the development of the doctrine of the Cheng brothers （namely Cheng Hao and Cheng Yi）, those who are disciples of, or are oriented in, the doctrine of the Chengs have inaugurated a style of the ＂return to the ode tradition＂ （fu ya） in thoughts, theory and practice with Su Shi as its basis, and have participated with enormous enthusiasm in the building - up of the Xin Qiji school. And as result of this, a group of the Ci - poets tinted with the Confucian idealist philosophy （li xue） have to the fore. To investigate the background of the style evolvement of the Ci during the South Song Dynasty, Confucian School of idealist philosophy （li xue） is undoubtedly an unelectable element. Should it be neglected, it would be certainly difficult to have a complete picture of the essence of the Ci during the South Song Dynasty, the alternation between the different schools and their respective inclinations.