乌托邦的和谐社会及启示

On the Harmonious Society in Utopia and its Revelation

乌托邦社会的宗旨是公民幸福与社会和谐。为此,莫尔为乌托邦设计了相应的经济、政治和文化架构。乌托邦在经济上实行公有制、集体劳动、集体生活、按需分配;在政治上实行带有威权主义色彩的民主政制;在文化上依赖于极度的集体主义和完美的道德主义。乌托邦的和谐社会构想在道德上是美好的,然而却有着内在的逻辑矛盾,其制度架构无法实现其制度目标。乌托邦和谐社会只能是一个静态的消极和谐社会,而不是一个动态的积极和谐社会。

The citizen＇s happiness and the social harmony are the tenets of Utopia, for this purpose, Thomas More conceives corresponding frames of economy and politics and culture in Utopia. The economic frame includes public ownership of means of production, collective labouring, collective living, distribution according to need;in the political frame, Utopia puts the democratic system with authoritarianism into practice; in the cultural frame, it depends on the high collectivism and the ideal moralism. The construction of the harmonious society in Utopia is morally good,however,it has the inherent logic Inconsistency. The system in Utopia can not accomplish its aims successfully, and the harmonious society in Utopia is nothing but a static and negative,not a dynamic and positive harmonious society.