海南省三亚市部分果蔬重金属含量与污染评价

Assessment of Vegetable and Fruit Heavy Metal Pollution in Sanya, Hainan Province

对海南省三亚市74个种植点的瓜菜采样进行重金属含量检测,采用国家蔬菜卫生质量标准计算单项因子污染指数和综合污染指数,通过内梅罗污染指数标准进行评价,同时对污染源进行分析。结果表明,三亚果蔬整体上为清洁无污染水平,4种重金属(Zn、Cu、Pb、Cd)在果蔬中的综合污染指数为0.60,属安全无污染水平;但不同种类的瓜菜对重金属的富集含量差异较大,各类果蔬的综合污染指数从大到小为:叶菜类>豆类>瓜类>根茎类>茄类>水果类;叶菜类较其他瓜菜容易富集重金属且达到轻度污染,综合污染指数为1.19;豆类和瓜类为清洁接近污染水平,综合污染指数分为0.85和0.79;其他果蔬为清洁水平。

Vegetable and fruit samples collected from 74 planting locations in Sanya, Hainan Province were measured and contents of heavy metals were analyzed. Single factor pollution index and comprehensive pollution index calculated by the national vegetable sanitation quality standards were adopted. Heavy metal pollution level was evalu- ated by Nemero index. At the same time, the pollution source was analyzed. The results showed that all vegetable and fruit produced in Sanya had reached clean and pollution-free level. The comprehensive pollution index of four kinds heavy metals （ Zn, Cu, Pb and Cd） in vegetable and fruit was 0.60, which belongs to the security level of non- polluting. But there were significant differences in enriched heavy metal contents among different types of vegetable and fruit. The comprehensive pollution indexes of various kinds of fruit and vegetable from big to small were as follows ： green leaves vegetable 〉 bean 〉 melon 〉 rootstalk plants 〉 eggplant 〉 fruit. Green leave vegetables were easily enriched to slightly polluted, and their comprehensive pollution index was 1.19. Beans and melons were clean and close to polluted level, their comprehensive pollution indexes were 0.85 and 0.79, respectively. Other vegetable and fruit all reached clean level.